What material is commonly used as fuel in a cutting torch for generating heat?

Acetylene is widely used as the fuel in cutting torches due to its specific properties that make it ideal for generating the high temperatures required for effective cutting and welding. When combined with oxygen, acetylene produces a flame that reaches temperatures exceeding 3,000 degrees Celsius (5,432 degrees Fahrenheit). This high-temperature capability allows it to quickly and efficiently melt most metals, making it a preferred choice for both professional welding and industrial applications.

The unique combustion characteristics of acetylene also result in a very concentrated and hot flame, which is critical for cutting through materials like steel. Additionally, acetylene's flammability mixed with oxygen creates a clean, efficient process without excessive smoke or soot, further enhancing its effectiveness in metal fabrication and repair.

While other gases like propane and butane can be used in various heating applications, they do not achieve the same high temperature when utilized with oxygen, making acetylene the superior option for cutting tasks. Natural gas can also be an effective fuel but lacks the temperature and flame characteristics that acetylene provides for cutting applications.